Salaam karna mustahab aur jawaab dena waajib keyon hai ? | salaam karne ke aadaab

اردو میں پڑھنے کے لیۓ یہاں دبائیں

Sawaal az : mohtaram janaab Tanveer Husain Mirza sb (Mumbai)

Assalamun alaikum

Aga hamara sawal ye hai ke salam karna mustahab kyu hai aur salaam ka jawab dena wajib kyu hai

Jawaab :

باسمه تعالی
یا صاحب الزمان ادرکنا
علیکم السلام و رحمة الله و برکاته

Salaam karna sunnat wa mustahab hai, mo'akkad mustahabbaat me se hai, yaani salaam karne ki bahot taakid ki gaei hai

Mustahab hone par dalil aayat wa rewaayat hai

Aayat :

Surah An'aam Aayat 54 me hai :

" وَإِذَا جَاءَكَ الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِآيَاتِنَا فَقُلْ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ ... "

"Aur jab aap ke paas wo log aa'aen jo hamaari aayaton par eimaan rakhte hain to kah dijiae ke tum par salaam ho ..."

Rewaayat :

Imaam Saadiq (علیه السلام) ne farmaaya :

" يُسَلِّمُ الرَّاكِبُ عَلَى الْمَاشِي وَ الْمَاشِي عَلَى الْقَاعِدِ وَ إِذَا لَقِيَتْ جَمَاعَةٌ جَمَاعَةً سَلَّمَ الْأَقَلُّ عَلَى الْأَكْثَرِ وَ إِذَا لَقِيَ وَاحِدٌ جَمَاعَةً سَلَّمَ الْوَاحِدُ عَلَى الْجَمَاعَةِ "

Mafhum wa tarjomah :

"(ount, ghode, cycle aur gaadi waghairah par) sawaar, paidal chalne waalon aur paidal chalne waala baithe hu'ae ko salaam kare aur jab koei geroh (jat'tha) dusre geroh (jamaa'at) se mile to kam taadaad waale (thode log) zeyaadah taadaad waalon ko salaam karen aur jab aek shakhs kisi geroh se mile to aek (akela) shakhs, geroh (jamaa'at) ko salaam kare"

(Mishkaatul anwaar fi ghoraril akhbaar - safha 346 - Taalif Ali Bin Hasan Bin Fazl Tabrasi)

Waazeh rahe ke Imaam Saadiq (علیه السلام) ne is rewaayat me bataaya hai ke salaam karte waqt kin aadaab ka khayaal rakhna chaahiae aur jo zikr kiya hai ous ka matlab ye nahi hai ke agar sawaar, paidal chalne waalon ... ko salaam na kare to paidal chalne waala ... bhi khaamosh rahe salaam na kare, balke is ka matlab ye hai ke behtar ye hai, sawaar ... paidal chalne waalon ... ko salaam kare yaani salaam karne me sabqat wa pahal kare

Imaam (علیه السلام) ka ye farmaan istehbaab ke taur par hai aur tawaazo wa khaak'saari ki taraf motawajjeh karne ke liae hai aur maalum ho ke salaam karne waala kibro nakhwat se bari hai, lehaaza agar sawaar ... salaam nahi karta hai to paidal chalne waale ... ko chaahiae ke wo salaam kare

Salaam ka jawaab dena waajib hai :

Is par dalil Surah Nesa ki Aayat 86 hai :

" وَإِذَا حُيِّيتُمْ بِتَحِيَّةٍ فَحَيُّوا بِأَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا أَوْ رُدُّوهَا ... "

" aur jab tumhe salaam kiya jaa'ae to tum ous se ach'chha jawaab do ya ounhin alfaaz ko (jawaab me) lauta do ... "

Foqahaa'ae keraam ne is Aayat se istidlaal kiya hai ke salaam ka jawaab dena waajib hai

Jab tumhe salaam kiya jaa'ae to tum ous se ach'chha jawaab do :

Is ka matlab ye hai ke "salaamun alaykum" ke jawaab me sirf "alaykomus salaam" na kahen balke "alaykomus salaam" ke baad masalan "wa rahmatullah" ka aezaafah kar diya jaa'ae aur "salaamun alaykum wa rahmatullah" ke jawaab me masalan "wa barakaatoh" ka aezaafah kar diya jaa'ae yaani is ke jawaab me masalan "alaykomus salaam wa rahmatullahe wa barakaatoh" kahen

Malhuze khaatir rahe ke jin alfaaz me salaam kiya gaya hai oun se behtar alfaaz me jawaab dena mustahab hai lekin namaaz me mash'ghul shakhs aezaafe ke saath jawaab nahi de sakta hai

Salaam aur jawaabe salaam ke mustahab aur waajib hone ki hikmat aur maslehat keya hai ?

Agar'che ahkaame aelaahi (yaani foru'ae deen) ta'ab'bodi hain, bahot saare ahkaame aelaahi ki eillat, hikmat aur haqiqi falsafe se ham waaqif nahi hain aur oun ki hikmat wa maslehat ko jaan'na bhi hamaari zimme'daari nahi hai

Shaayad salaam ke mustahab hone ki hikmat wa maslehat ye ho ke salaam karne waala aiysi doa deta hai jis ki zarurat har shakhs ko hai yaani "tum par hamaara salaam ho, tum par Allah ki salaamti ho" ba'alfaaze-digar "tum har taklif aur ranj o mosibat se salaamat raho"

Molaaqaat ke waqt pyaar wa mohabbat, dosti, jazba'ae aekraam wa khair'andeshi ka izhaar karta hai aur mokhaatab ko maanus wa masrur karta hai

Salaam aek dusre ke dil me mohabbat paiyda karne ka sab se aalaa tariqa hai, nafraton, koduraton aur adaawaton ko mitaane waala hai, baa'hami ta'alluq wa aetemaad ka wasila hai

Dusre ye ke salaam karna islaam ka she'aar hai, is ki ahamiyat wa fazilat hai aur baa'aes-e-ajr o sawaab hai

Jawaab dena waajib hai :

Shaayad is ki hikmat wa maslehat ye ho ke musalmaanon ke aek dusre par kaei hoquq hain jin me se aek salam ka jawaab dena hai lehaaza jise salaam kiya jaa'ae ous par haq ki adaa'aegi waajib hai

Tabserah :

Ta'ab'bodi ka maani ye hota hai ke ye wo hukm hai jo khoda ne diya hai, sirf is qadr saabit ho jaa'ae ke ye hukm khoda ki jaanib se hai yahi kaafi hai, banda is baat ka paa'band nahi hai ke ous ki dalil, hikmat aur eillat ko samjhe, wo sirf is baat ka paa'band hai ke khoda ke ous hukm par amal kare