Jhuti rewaayat ke kaarkhaane | rewaayat ki sehat ka meyaar

Sawaal az : mohtaram janaab Ali Naqvi sb

Assalam alaikum wrwb

Mera sawal :

Kya motabar kitaab me zaeef hadees hoti hain ?

zaeef aur sahih hadees kaise malum kiya ja sakta h ki ye hadees zaeef hai ye sahih hai ?

Jawaab :

باسمه تعالى

ياصاحب الزمان ادركنا

عليكم السلام و رحمةالله و بركاته

qabl is ke ham asl mauzu ki taraf aa'aen monaasib maalum hota hai manghadat ( من گھڑت ) rewaayaat aur jaal'saazi ke kaarkhaane ke mota'alliq aap aur qaare'ein ki khidmat me aekhtesaar ke saath pesh kar diya jaa'ae

ahle eilm hazaraat jaante hain ke ahaadees ke naam par jetna jhut bola aur ghada ( گھڑا ) gaya ous ka tasaw'wur karna bhi shaayad mushkil ho

moaanedeen, monaafeqeen aur dushmano ki jaanib se ahaadees ko jaal karne, hadees me kami wa zeyaadti aur matn me tabdili ... ka silsila daure Rasule Khoda ( صلى الله عليه و آله ) se hi shuru ho gaya tha

Rasule Khoda ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ke baad masalan faraamoshi waghairah ki wajah se aap ki rewaayaat kam hotin ya otni hi rahtin jetni pahle thin lekin oun ki taadaat me hamesha din ba din aezaafa hota raha, kasrat ke saath jhuti ahaadees ghadin ( گھڑیں ) jin ka shumaar karna shaayad bahot mushkil ho

shia ketaabon me jaali ahaadees aur aysi rewaayaten hain jo yaqinan maasum ( عليه السلام ) se saadir nahi huei hain albatta wo bahot kam hain balke na hone ke baraabar hain lekin jaali ahaadees se sunni ketaaben bhari padi hain

shia ketaabon me jo rewaayat qaabile qabul nahi hai momkin hai wo taqiyah ki wajah se ho

dusri taraf shia mohaddeseen aur a'eimma-e-athaar ( سلام الله عليهم ) ke as'haab par paabandi thi, ahlebait ( عليهم السلام ) ki rewaayaat jama nahi kar sakte the agar hukkaame waqt ko maalum ho jaata tha ke folaan mohaddis ya imaam ( عليه السلام ) ke sahaabi ahaadees jama kar rahe hain to oun ko shahid kar dete the ya zindaan bhej dete the

lehaaza ous waqt shia mohaddeseen aur as'haabe imaam ( عليه السلام ) ka saara hamm-o-gham ye tha ke ahlebait ( عليهم السلام ) ki rewaayaat aur shion ke aasaar mahfuz ho jaa'aen

tamhidi guftogu ke baad ab aate hain asl mauzu ki taraf

ji haan ous waqt ke naa guftah'beh haalaat ke peshe nazar tamaam'tar aehteyaat ke baa wojud motabar ketaabon me baaz zaeif rewaayaten paaei jaati hain lekin yaad rahe ke har zaeif rewaayat jaali wa manghadat nahi hai aur kisi ketaab me zaeif rewaayat hone ka matlab hargiz ye nahi hai ke wo ketaab ghair motabar hai ya ous rewaayat ko tark kar diya jaa'ae ya ous par bilkul amal na kiya jaa'ae, kaazib wa jaali aur zaeif rewaayat ke darmeyaan farq par tawajjoh den

Sahih hadees ko ghair sahih se tashkhis karne ka meyaar :

is ke mokhtalif tariqe hain jin me se aham tareen darj zail hain

1. Rewaayat qur'aan kareem ke mowaafiq ho aur ous ke khelaaf na ho



rewaayat, qur'aan hakeem ki aayaat, mafaaheem aur mataalib se motaabeqat wa mowaafeqat rakhti ho aur ous ka mafhum ... qur'aan se motasaadim na ho




qur'aan hakeem se motasaadim koei bhi hadees qaabile qabul nahi ho sakti chaahe ous ki asnaad jetni mazbut hi keyon na ho




Imaam Saadiq se rewaayat hai ke Rasule Khoda ( صلى الله عليهم ) ne farmaaya :




۔... فَمَا وَافَقَ كِتَابَ اللهِ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا خَالَفَ كِتَابَ اللهِ فَدَعُوهُ




"... jo bhi mowaafiqe qur'aan hai ous ko akhz kar lo ( le lo ) aur jo bhi mokhaalife qur'aan hai ous ko tark kar do"



( osule kaafi jild 1 p 69 )



yaani ahlebait ( عليهم السلام ) ki jaanib se ham tak jo kuchh pahuncha hai agar wo mowaafiqe qur'aan hai to ouse ounhon ne farmaaya hai aur jo kuchh ham tak pahuncha hai agar wo mokhaalife qur'aan hai to ouse nahi kaha hai




ye dar haqiqat hadees ko parakhne ka asli meyaar hai




albatta baaz olama aur mohaqqe'qeen farmaate hain ke qur'aan ke mowaafiq hona meyaar nahi hai balke adame mokhaalefat meyaar hai benaabar-ein, agar koei rewaayat mokhaalife qur'aan na ho to ous ka shumaar mowaafiqe qur'aan me ho ga




lehaaza kuchh ba'eid nahi ke yahan mowaafeqat se moraad adame mokhaalefat ho




ham tamseel ke taur par aek misaal bayaan kiae dete hain :




hamaare darmeyaan wo insaan jis ka koei mokhaalif na ho to kabhi kahaa jaata hai ke sabhi ous ke mowaafiq hain




adame mokhaalefat meyaar hai is liae ke qur'aan hakeem me shar'ei ahkaam aur foru ... ki juz'eiyaat ko bayaan nahi kiya gaya hai lehaaza wo rewaayaat wa ahaadees jin me ahkaam aur foru ... ki juz'eiyaat ko tafseel ke saath bayaan kiya gaya hai, aysi rewaayaat wa ahaadees ki qur'aan majeed ke saath mowaafeqat ko kis paymaane se jaancha jaa'ae ga ? jab ke qur'aan, ahkaam aur foru ... ki juz'eiyaat aur oun ki tafseel ko bayaan karne se bilkul saakit hai




lehaaza aysi surat me rewaayaat ki sehat ka meyaar qur'aan se motasaadim na hona hai




agar qur'aan ke mowaafiq hone ko meyaar qaraar den to momkin hai is se moraad sirf osule deen hon ya qur'aan ke omumi maani ya wo baaten hon jin ki juz'eiyaat ko qur'aan me tafseel ke saath bayaan kiya gaya hai ...




( is hadees ke motaabiq hamaari azaadaari, rosumaat aur taqribaat waghairah me jo kuchh raa'aej hai agar wo mokhaalife qur'aan nahi hai to jaa'aez hai balke oun me se baaz pasandidah wa mustahab kaam hai lehaaza har chiz ko haraam aur bid'at na kaha jaa'ae, meyaar adame mokhaalefat hai )



2. Mowaafiqe aammah ko chhodna aur mokhaalif ko lena :



Ahlebait ( عليهم السلام ) ki jaanib se is tarah ki rewaayaat faraawaan waarid huei hain ke agar 2 rewaayat mota'aariz ( aek dusre ke moqaabil ) hon to jo sunniyon ki raa'ae ke mowaafiq ho ous ko chhod do aur jo oun ki raa'ae ke mokhaalif ho ous ko le lo ( ous par amal karo )




Misaal :




sunniyon ki raa'ae ke motaabiq namaaz me oun suron ko padhna jaa'aez hai jis me sajdah waajib hai ( yaani sura azaa'aem ) agar shia rewaayaat me 2 rewaayat aysi paaei jaa'aen jo aek dusre ke moqaabil hon masalan aek me kaha gaya ke namaaz me surah azaa'aem padhna jaa'aez hai dusri me kaha gaya jaa'aez nahi hai to dusri rewaayat par amal karen is liae ke dusri rewaayat sunniyon ki raa'ae ke mokhaalif hai aur pahli ko chhod den is liae ke wo oun ki raa'ae ke mowaafiq hai




( is baare me aek tulaani rewaayat maqbulah oumar bin hanzalah ke naam se mash'hur hai )




mowaafiqe aammah ko chhodna ... ko meyaar qaraar dene ki eillaten wa asbaab hain yahaan oun ko bayaan karne ka mauqa nahi

3. Maasum ( عليه السلام ) ki jaanib se kisi raawi ki tausiq aur taa'eid khaas taur par ki gaei ho, jayse as'haabe eijma



is me Imaam Baaqir se Imaam Reza ( عليهم السلام ) tak benaabar qaule mash'hur 18 as'haab wa raawi hain



4. Maasum ( عليه السلام ) ki taraf se kisi raawi ki takzeeb, taubikh aur mazammat khaas taur par ki gaei ho



masalan Imaam Saadiq ( عليه السلام ) ne moghairah bin sa'eid ke baare me farmaaya :

ous par khoda ki laanat ho wo hamesha mere baabaa ( Imaam Baaqir عليه السلام ) ki taraf jhuti nisbat deta tha, oun se aysi hadisen mansub kin jo mere baabaa ki jaanib se saadir nahi huei thin.

Imaam Baaqir ( عليه السلام ) ne bhi ous se ba taure rasmi bezaari ka aelaan kar diya tha



5. Hadees ki sanad :



hadees naql karne waale sabhi seqah aur 12 imaami ... hon




benaabar-ein hadees ko parakhne ka aek meyaar ye hai ke ous ki sanad dekhi jaa'ae yaani raawiyon ke baare me tahqeeq ki jaa'ae ke wo seqah hain ya nahi ?




albatta jaysa ke shuru me arz kiya agar aek hadees ki sanad zaeif ho to ous ka laazema hargiz ye nahi hai ke wo hadees jaali wa jhuti hai is liae ke kabhi naa'shanaas hatta jhute afraad, durust rewaayat ko naql karte hain aysa nahi hai ke daroghgo afraad hamesha jhut bolte hain albatta 100% ayse afraad ki baaton par yaqeen wa aetemaad nahi karna chaahiae




Arabi kahaawat hai jis ka tarjama ye hai :




"Khabron ki aafat oun ke raawi hain"




lekin yaad rakhen hadees ke motabar hone ka meyaar khud rewaayat ka mazbut wa qaabile aetemaad hona hai sirf raawi ka seqah hona kaafi nahi hai




6. Alhamdo'lillah mohaqqeqeen ne hadees ki aysi ketaaben tasneef ki hain jis me sirf motabar rewaayaat ko jama kiya gaya hai jis ki sanad zaeif hai ous ko bayaan nahi kiya gaya hai aysi ketaabon ke zariae se bhi sahih hadees ka pata laga sakte hain



7. Oluwe mafaaheem :



hadees ke mataalib wa mafaaheem atne baland hon ke ghair maasum se ous ka saadir hona naa momkin wa khaarij az imkaan ho, jayse akhul qur'aan ( qur'aan ka bhaaei ) nahjul balaagha aur oukhtul qur'aan ( qur'aan ki bahen ) sahifa-e-sajjaadiya aur khutba-e-hazrate Zahra ( سلام الله عليها )




( aysi ketaabon ke liae sanad ki zarurat nahi hai is ke baa'wojud mohaqqeqeen ne intehaaei mehnat se masaaneede nahjul balaagha aur sahifa-e-sajjaadiyah par qaabile tahseen kaam kiya hai )

Zaruri wazaahat :

oupar jo kuchh bayaan kiya gaya ous ke liae adabiyaat, olume hadees, eilme tafseer, eilme rejaal, fanne deraayat ... aur rewaayat wa deraayat ke tamaam bunyaadi qawaa'aed aur zawaabit se waaqefiyat zaruri hai

rewaayaat ki sehat ... ka meyaar hadees ki kisi ketaab ka tarjamah padh lena nahi hai

Niche recommend kiae ga'ae jawaab ko padhna wa di gaei video ko dekhna mofid hai انشاءالله

• Osule kaafi | shia ketaabon se zaeif rewaayat hata keyon nahi dete ?

والسلام

Syed Shamshad Ali Katokhari

khaadim-e-edaara-e-darul itrat azim Aabaad / patna - shoba-e-sawaalaat Qum / iran

۔30 / ذيقعده / 1442 ھ.ق

روز شہادت باب المراد ، امام جواد الائمہ ( عليه السلام )۔

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