mujtahid baaz mas'ale me aehteyaate waajib keyon kahte hain | keya ous me dusre mujtahid se roju kar sakte hain ?

Sawaal az : mohtaram Janaab Wajid Ali sb

Assalam'O’Alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Que : - Mujtahid k fatwo me ehteyat ku hota h aur kya ham ehteyat vale maslo pr dusre mujtahid ki taraf ruju kar sakte hai ?

Khuda apko mazeed kamyabi ata farmaye aameen Ya Allah jjh Shukriya

Jawaab :

باسمه تعالى
يا صاحب الزمان ادركنا
شکریہ

pahle sawaal ka jawaab eilmi, ijtehaadi aur tafsili hai Aehteyaat ki mokhtalif qismen bhi hain
samajhne ke liae bataure tamhid arz kar dun ke aek hai "Aehteyaat ka fatwa" aur aek hai "Fatwa me aehteyaat" dono me farq hai

Taarif aur misaal :

"Aehteyaat ka fatwa" ye hai ke mujtahid aehteyaat karne ka hukm de masalan paani ke 2 bartan hain aur is baat ka eilm hai ke oun dono me se koei aek najis hai lekin maalum nahi kaun najis hai to aiysi jag'hon par mujtahid "Aehteyaat" ka fatwa deta hai yaani dono se parhez karen

lekin "Fatwa me aehteyaat" ye hai ke mujtahid ne saraahat ke saath fatwa nahi diya hai masalan farmaaya hai ke "Aehteyaate waajib" ye hai ke tisri aur chauthi rak'at me 3 martaba "tasbihaate arba'ah" padhen

sawaal ka ta'alluq is qism "Fatwa me aehteyaat" se hai

saraahat ke saath fatwa dene se mujtahid keyon parhez karta hai ?

mokhtalif asbaab hain, istidlaali ketaabon me oun ka tafsili bayaan hai sirf baaz eillaton wa asbaab ki taraf aeshaara kiya jaa raha hai :

1. sharaa'aet ke motaabiq kisi sharei hukm par tamaam foqaha ka it'tefaaq hai sab, ki nazar aek hai istelaah me is ko "ijma" kahte hain



lekin dalaa'ael wa istimbaat ki bunyaad par kisi mujtahid ki nazar wa fahm (فہم) tamaam foqaha ki nazar wa it'tefaaq ke bar khelaaf hai
to mujtahid aekhlaas, taqwa, aehteyaat aur tamaam foqaha ke aehteraam ki khaatir fatwa dene se parhez karta hai
is liae ke momkin hai oun ki nazar durust wa sahih ho



2. kisi mas'ale me tamaam foqaha ki nahi balke aksar foqaha ki aek hi nazar hai, istelaah me is ko "qaule mash'hur" kahte hain



lekin kisi mujtahid ki fahm wa istimbaat oun ki nazar ke bar khelaaf ho to yahaan bhi oun ki nazar ka aehteraam karte huae aur aekhlaas, taqwa, aehteyaat ki wajah se fatwa dene se ijtenaab karta hai
is liae ke momkin hai aksar ki nazar durust wa sahih ho




mokhtasar ye ke ijma, qaule mash'hur aur shohrat ki mokhaalefat na ho is liae fatwa dene se gurez karta hai



3. kisi mas'ale ke mota'alliq dalil wa shar'ei hujjat se bataure qat wa yaqin hukm saabit na ho masalan dalil me ibhaam wa ijmaal paaya jaata hai, 100% hukm waazeh wa raushan nahi hai
   to is surat me bhi fatwa dene se parhez karta hai



lehaaza fatwa dene se parhez ko "Ahwate wojubi = احوط وجوبى" ya "Aehteyaate laazim" ya "Aehteyaate waajib" ya "Mahalle ta'ammul" ya "Mahalle ishkaal" ... kaha jaata hai




misaal ke taur par "Aehteyaate waajib" ye hai ke tisri aur chauthi rak'at me 3 martaba tasbihaate arba'ah padhen ya "Aehteyaate waajib" ye hai ke folaan amal ko is tarah anjaam den ya "Aehteyaate waajib" ye hai ke folaan amal ko tark karen ...

qaabile zikr nokta :

1. kisi mas'ale me "Aehteyaate waajib ..." kahne ka matlab hargiz ye nahi hai ke mujtahid dalilon se shar'ei hukm akhz (اخذ) karne se aajiz wa naa tawaan hai ya ous ke paas koei dalil nahi hai



balke ye ous ke taqwa, aekhlaas aur mohtaat ... hone ki dalil wa neshaani hai



2. fatwa dena mujtahid par Waajibe aiyni (واجب عينى) nahi hai balke Waajibe kefaaei (واجب كفائی) hai lehaaza zaruri nahi hai ke "Aalam mujtahid" har mas'ale me fatwa de

ji jis mas'ale me kisi ke marja ne masalan "Aehteyaate waajib" kaha hai ous me dusre mujtahid se roju kar sakte hain ya ousi par amal kar sakte hain, moqallid ko aekhteyaar hai ke dono me se kisi aek raaste ka intekhaab kare

lekin is pahlu ki reaayat ke saath roju kar sakte hain :

dusre mujtahid ka eilm moqallid ke marja se kam ho aur dusre maraaje wa mujtahedin se zeyaadah ho ya baaz maraaje ke baqaul mosaawi ho

istelaah me is ko "Al aalam fal aalam = الاعلم فالاعلم" kahte hain yaani bit'tartib aek aalam ke baad dusre aalam ki traf roju kare aur dusre ke baad teesre aalam ki traf...

(is hawaale se mazid tafsil fiqhi ketaabon me dekh len)

is surat me agar dusre mujtahid ne masalan kaha hai ke aek martaba tasbihaate arba'ah padhna kaafi hai to aek martaba kahen, 3 martaba kahna zaruri nahi hai

jis mas'ale me "Aehteyaate mustahab" kaha hai ous me kisi dusre mujtahid se roju nahi kar sakte hain is liae ke "Aehteyaate mustahab" fatwa ke hamraah hota hai

والسلام

Syed Shamshad Ali Katokhari
khaadim-e-edaara-e-darul itrat azim Aabaad / patna - shoba-e-sawaalaat Qum / iran

16 / ذیقعدہ / 1441 ھ۔ق

subscribe us on youtube